The United Nations was created by world leaders who sought to seek peace after experiencing the scourge of two world warsWorld Wars. The United Nations Charter was subsequently enacted in 1945, with the Charter’s defining purpose being to “maintain international peace and security”. As a result, the United Nations (UN) has become the only global institution that can claim universal legitimacy; andit seeks to eliminate sources of both traditional and human insecurity. When the UN adopted the Universal Declaration of Human Rights in 1948,, it established “a common standard of achievement for all peoples and nations” for the first time in history. The Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) spells out basic political, civil, social, economic, and cultural rights that all humans should enjoy, regardless of morally irrelevant features such as race, gender, and beliefs. It was theThis declaration that embodied the idea that all humans have equal moral standing. Since 1945, international human rights treaties and other instruments have conferred legal form on inherent human rights as well as further developing the body of the aforementioned. The UDHR, together with the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR, 1966), its two Optional Protocols, and the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR, 1966), are the three documents that form what is now commonly known as the International Bill of Human Rights.