Manganese is an element of considerable importance for the steelmaking industry. During the steelmaking process, it is added as a desulfurizer, a deoxidizer, or an alloy additive in forms such formsas as ferromanganese and silicomanganese,; which are produced from manganese ores. The most economic deposits of manganese ore in Egypt are in the Um Bogma area, which lies in Central Western Sinai in Sinai. Most of the Egyptian manganese ores reserves are low grade. These ores contain large quantities of iron and, thus, the Mn/Fe ratio is low. High carbon ferromanganese is produced industrially inby the Sinai Manganese Company, Abou Zenima, South Sinai by carbothermic process of imported and Um Bogma manganese ores,; this process began at 1993. High and medium grade manganese ores are nearly depleted. Therefore, utilization of the low grade manganese ore has become necessary.