The foremost goal of induced mutations is to enhance the mutation frequency rate in order to ‎select appropriate variants for the purpose of breeding crops efficiently (Jain, 2010; El-Degwy, ‎‎2013). Induced mutations have over the past 50 years played a pivotal role in the development of ‎superior crop varieties over the past 50 years (Jain, 2005; Kharkwal & Shu, 2010), and are effective in enhancing world ‎food security. ‎